ETS Reading Test 1 Passage 2

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Question 1 of 13

1. Question
The word ‘marked’ in the passage is closest in meaning to
- considerable
- surprising
- limited
- adequate
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Question 2 of 13

2. Question
Paragraph 1 supports which of the following statements about painting in Europe?
- It is much older than painting in Australia.
- It is as much as 28,000 years old.
- It is not as old as painting in southern Africa.
- It is much more than 30,000 years old.
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Question 3 of 13

3. Question
The word ‘principal’ in the passage is closest in meaning to
- major
- likely
- well protected
- distinct
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Question 4 of 13

4. Question
According to paragraph 2, what makes some researchers think that certain cave paintings were connected with magical-religious activities?
- The paintings were located where many people could easily see them, allowing groups of people to participate in the magical-religious activities.
- Upper Paleolithic people shared similar beliefs with contemporary peoples who use paintings of animals in their magical-religious rituals.
- Evidence of magical-religious activities has been found in galleries immediately off the inhabited areas of caves.
- The paintings were found in hard-to-reach places away from the inhabited parts of the cave.
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Question 5 of 13

5. Question
The word ‘trappings’ in the passage is closest in meaning to
- conditions
- problems
- influences
- decorations
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Question 6 of 13

6. Question
According to paragraph 3, scholars explained chips in the painted figures of animals by proposing that
- Upper Paleolithic artists used marks to record the animals they had seen
- The paintings were inspired by the need to increase the supply of animals for hunting
- The artists had removed rough spots on the cave walls
- Upper Paleolithic people used the paintings to increase their luck at hunting
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Question 7 of 13

7. Question
(Look at paragraph 3, blue highlight)

Why does the author mention that Upper Paleolithic cave art seemed to have ‘reached a peak toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period, when the herds of game were decreasing’?
- To argue that Upper Paleolithic art ceased to include animals when herds of game became scarce
- To provide support for the idea that the aim of the paintings was to increase the supply of animals for hunting
- To emphasize the continued improvement in the quality of cave art throughout the Upper Paleolithic period
- To show the direct connection between the decrease in herds of game and the end of the Upper Paleolithic period
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Question 8 of 13

8. Question
According to paragraph 4, scholars believe that wild cattle, horses, and mammoths are the animals most frequently portrayed in cave paintings for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
- These animals were difficult to hunt because of their unpredictable behavior.
- People preferred these animals for their meat and for their skins.
- The painters admired the beauty of these large animals.
- People feared these animals because of their size and speed.
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Question 9 of 13

9. Question
According to paragraph 4, which of the following may best represent the attitude of hunters toward deer and reindeer in the Upper Paleolithic period?
- Hunters did not fear deer and reindeer as much as they did large game animals such as horses and mam moths.
- Hunters were not interested in hunting deer and reindeer because of their size and speed.
- Hunters preferred the meat and hides of deer and reindeer to those of other animals.
- Hunters avoided deer and reindeer because of their natural weapons, such as horns.
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Question 10 of 13

10. Question
According to paragraph 4, what change is evident in the art of the period following the Upper Paleolithic?
- This new art starts to depict small animals rather than large ones.
- This new art ceases to reflect the ways in which people obtained their food.
- This new art no longer consists mostly of representations of animals.
- This new art begins to show the importance of hunting to the economy.
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Question 11 of 13

11. Question
According to paragraph 5, which of the following has been used as evidence to suggest that Upper Paleolithic people were capable of complex thought and conscious awareness of their environment?
- They engraved animal figures on the shafts of spears and other objects.
- They may have used engraved signs to record the phases of the Moon.
- Their figurines represented the human female in exaggerated form.
- They may have used figurines to portray an ideal type or to express a desire for fertility.
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Question 12 of 13

12. Question
Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
Therefore, if the paintings were connected with hunting, some other explanation is needed.
Where would the sentence best fit?
- at the first square
- at the second square
- at the third square
- at the fourth square
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Question 13 of 13

13. Question
Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.

Click on 3 answer choices below.

Upper Paleolithic cave paintings in western Europe are among humanity’s earliest artistic efforts.
- Researchers have proposed several different explanations for the fact that animals were the most common subjects in the cave paintings.
- The cave paintings focus on portraying animals without also depicting the natural environments in which these animals are typically found.
- The art of the cultural period that followed the Upper Paleolithic ceased to portray large game animals and focused instead on the kinds of animals that people of that period preferred to hunt.
- Some researchers have argued that the cave paintings mostly portrayed large animals that provided Upper Paleolithic people with meat and materials.
- Some researchers believe that the paintings found in France provide more explicit evidence of their symbolic significance than those found in Spain, southern Africa, and Australia.
- Besides cave paintings, Upper Paleolithic people produced several other kinds of artwork, one of which has been thought to provide evidence of complex thought.
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ETS Reading Test 1 Passage 2

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ETS Reading Test 1 Passage 2

ETS Reading Test 1 Passage 2

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